Overview of Swine Flu
Sulumits Retsambew : Swine influenza or H1N1 flu is a disease caused by strains of subtypes of influenza A virus known as H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2 and H3N3. These viruses are common in pigs in the midwestern United States, Canada, South America, Mexico, China, Japan, Taiwan, Europe and other countries in East Asia.
Transmission of influenza viruses from pigs to humans is relatively rare and not always the result of human influenza, but often leads to the production of antibodies in the blood. When properly cooked, the pig is unable to transmit the virus. Leading to the transmission of human influenza called zoonotic swine influenza.
People working with pigs, especially those with direct exposure, are more likely to be infected with swine influenza. Towards the middle of the 20th century, the identification of subtypes of influenza is likely to lead to an accurate diagnosis of transmission to humans. Since then, 50 infections have been reported and confirmed.
It is rare that these strains of swine flu that are transmitted from one human to another. In humans, symptoms of common swine influenza are similar to influenza and influenza like illness, such as chills, sore throat, fever, cough, muscle aches, headache and malaise.
The swine flu epidemic in humans in 2009 was caused by a new strain of influenza A subtype H1N1 that genes are very similar to the flu virus. The root of this new strain is not known. According to the World Health Organization for Animal Health, this new strain has been isolated in pigs. It is capable of transmission from person to person and manifested symptoms of normal influenza.
Swine can be infected with human influenza, such as the influenza pandemic of 1918 and 2009 influenza. Swine influenza was first proposed as a disease associated with the man during the 1918 pandemic influenza. During this time, became ill while the pigs to humans.
The flu virus as a cause of disease in pigs was first identified in 1930. For the next six decades, strains of H1N1 swine influenza has become almost exclusively. From 1997 to 2002, three new strains of different subtypes and 5 different genotypes were identified as the cause of influenza in pigs in North America.
From 1997-1998, developed H3N2 strains. These include genes acquired through the reallocation of human, avian and swine viruses were a major cause of the wines of the flu in North America. Redistribution between the H1N1 and H3N2 has led to the development of H1N2. In Canada, an H4N6 strain because of the redistribution of avian and swine influenza, but it was isolated in a single farm.
The H1N1 variant of swine influenza is a descendant of the strain that caused the influenza pandemic of 1918. Although persistence in pigs, descendants of the 1918 virus were transmitted throughout the 20th century that led to the usual seasonal flu outbreaks.
It is interesting to note that the direct infection of pigs to humans is rare, with only 12 confirmed cases in the United States since 2005.
However, as they continue to influenza strains in pigs after they have disappeared in the human population can make these pigs a reservoir where the flu virus can survive and then transmitted to humans in terms of the immunity strain is no longer effective.
Swine influenza was recorded as zoonoses in humans on several occasions, often with limited and rarely with the mass distribution. Outbreaks are common in swine and May because of economic losses in the industry, mainly for the delay in growth and market expansion time. Influneza swine, for example, the meat industry has seen British loss of £ 65 million per year.
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